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Andrejs (Andreis) Josip (1909-82), the Yugoslav musicologist. Professor at the Academy of Music, Director of the Institute of Musicology in Zagreb, editor in chief of the 1st edition of the Yugoslav "music encyclopedia." Books on the history of musical culture, aesthetics, about the composers of Yugoslavia. ANDREICHENKO Natalia E. (b. 1956), the Russian actress. From the beginning. 1990s. US. Created a psychologically complex characters in the movies: "Sibiriada" (1979), "Wartime Romance" (1983), "I'm sorry" (1986), "Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District" (1989) and others. She participated in the television musical comedy "Mary Poppins, Goodbye ". Played the role of Nadi "Serso" VI Slavkina (Small Stage Theatre on Taganka, 1985). ANDREOTTI (Andreotti) Giulio (b. 1919), the Italian Prime Minister in 1972-73, 1976-79 and 1989-92, repeatedly was a member of the cabinet. In the 1968-72 chairman of the Christian Democratic Party in the Chamber of Deputies. In 1995, arraigned on charges of having links with the Mafia. ANDRES (Andres) Stephen (1906-70), German writer (in 1937-50 and since 1961 in Italy). Socio-critical and anti-fascist orientation combined with religious and ethical issues: the story "We - Utopia" (1943), the trilogy "The Deluge" (1949-59), the novel "The Man in the belly of the fish" (1963). ANDREYUSHKIN Pachomius Ivanovich (1865-87), member of a terrorist faction "People's Will". 03/01/1887 Member of the assassination of Alexander III. Hanged. Andreyanova Helena (1819-57), the Russian ballet dancer. The representative of the Romantic movement. The first performer of Giselle ("Giselle" by A. Adam, 1842) in Russia. ANDRIANOV Vasily (b. 1920), twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1944, 1945), Major General Aviation (1971). During the Great Patriotic War in attack aircraft; 177 sorties, 37 air battles, shot down 6 aircraft. Andrianov Vladimir Pavlovich (1906-85), Russian actor, People's Artist of the USSR (1982). Since 1939 in the Kamchatka Regional Drama Theatre. ANDRIANOV Kuzma Andrianovich (1904-78), the Russian chemist, one of the founders of the chemistry of organosilicon polymers, academician of the USSR (1964), Hero of Socialist Labor (1969). First realized the synthesis of polyorganosiloxanes. Developed a method for heat-resistant silicone polymers and materials based on them. Lenin Prize (1963), the USSR State Prize (1943, 1946, 1950, 1953). ANDRIANOV Nicholas E. (b. 1952), the Russian sportsman (gymnastics), Honored Master of Sports (1972). Olympic champion (1972, 1976, 1980), the world (1974, 1978-79), repeated champion of Europe and the USSR (1971-75) in the all-around. * * * ANDRIANOV Nicholas E. (b. November 14, 1952, Vladimir) Russian athlete (gymnastics); Honored Master of Sports (1972). Absolute Olympic champion (1976), Olympic champion in the floor exercise (1972, 1976), in the exercises on the rings (1976), vault (1976, 1980), the team championship (1980). Absolute world champion (1978), Europe (1975), the USSR (1972-74). World Champion (1974, 1978) in the exercises on the rings, multiple champion of Europe and the Soviet Union (1971-75) in certain types of all-round. World Cup winner (1975-77) .Trener replaced ottsaRos without a father, his mother worked in a factory - five children basically "brought up" street. At age 11, he entered the school sports an experienced coach and teacher NG Tolmachev, who managed to convince a stubborn pupil that gymnastics - his vocation. The first success came after seven years of painstaking work. In 1969 Nicholas won the All-Union school sports day. In 1971 he made his debut at the European Championships in Madrid and won two gold medals - in the vault and in the exercises on horseback, in the all-around came in third place, behind the recognized leaders of world and national gymnastics Klimenko and M. Voroninu.Olimpiyskie tests Journalists wrote that "Vladimir gymnast works with Voroninsky purity and complexity of the Japanese." For the first time in the history of gymnastics Andrianov performed the triple somersault dismount with a crossbar, doubled the difficulty of the exercises on the uneven bars, horse and floor uprazhneniyah.Uchastvoval in three Olympics. In Munich (1972) won the exercises on rings, won the silver medal in the team competition and bronze - a jump. In Montreal (1976) won the most prestigious absolute superiority, and floor exercise, vault, exercises on the rings. In Moscow (1980) became the champion in the team competition in the vault, a silver medalist in the individual all-around. Total won 7 gold, 5 silver and 3 bronze Olympic medals. In 1976 was awarded the Order Lenina.Semya Champions wife of Nicholas - a famous gymnast from Voronezh Lyubov Burda (b. 1953) - two time Olympic Champion (1968, 1972) and World Champion (1970) in the team competition, the absolute champion of the USSR (1969, 1970). Nicholas Love and graduated from the Faculty of Physical Education Vladimir Pedagogical Institute. In 1989-90 Andrianov senior coach of the men's team of the USSR; President of the Federation of Artistic Gymnastics of the USSR (1990-91), Russia with 1992.Literatura: Golubev VL Nikolai Andrianov. M., 1978.V. I. Linder Andries (Andries) Andrew M. (b. 1933), the Moldovan physicist, academician (1984) and president (1989), Academy of Sciences of Moldova. Proceedings in Physics glassy semiconductors and optoelectronics. Andrikanis Evgeny (1909-93), the Russian cinematographer and film director, People's Artist of Russia (1982). Made films: "Masha" (1942), "Othello" (1956), "Journey Beyond Three Seas" (1958), etc .; put "North story" (1960), "The Execution of dawn" (1965), "by Lenin" (1976; Lenin Prize in 1978), and others. Andriessen (Andriessen) Hendrick (1892-1981), Dutch composer, organist, teacher, musicologist. Opera "Philomela" (1949), cult vocal-symphonic works, orchestral works, and others. Ivo Andric (1892-1975), Serbian writer. In the center of the novels "The Bridge on the Drina", "Travnik Chronicle" (both 1945), novels ("The Damned Yard", 1954), short stories, recreating the panorama of public life in Bosnia for five centuries - philosophical understanding of human lives in the context of history. Nobel Prize (1961). Andriyash Anatoly P. (b. 1910), the Russian ichthyologist, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1991; corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences from 1966). Works on the fish fauna of the northern seas of the USSR and the Antarctic. USSR State Prize (1971). Androvskaya Olga (1898-1975), Russian actress, People's Artist of the USSR (1948). Since 1924 the Moscow Art Theatre. Mostly comedienne, possessed great charm, brilliant stage technique, sly humor. Roles: Suzanne ("Crazy Day or The Marriage of Figaro" by P. Beaumarchais, 1927), Lady Tizl ("School for Scandal" R. Sheridan), Mrs. Conti ("Solo for hours of battle" O. Zahradnik). USSR State Prize (1952). Androgenesis (from the Greek. Aner, b. P. Andros - man and ... genesis), "male parthenogenesis", the development of eggs (after penetration of the sperm) with only male nucleus. Usually observed in the case of the death of the female nucleus to fertilization. Androgens, the male sex hormones of vertebrate animals and humans; produced mainly testes and adrenal cortex and ovaries. Stimulate the development and function of the male reproductive organs, the development of secondary sexual characteristics. According to the chemical nature of steroids. The main representative - testosterone. Used in medicine and animal husbandry. Andrology (from the Greek. Aner, b. P. Andros - man and ... logy), Section of Urology; studying diseases of the urinary and male genital organs. Andromache, in Greek mythology, the wife of Hector. In the "Iliad" Andromache - the embodiment of the ideal of a devoted and loving wife. ANDROMEDA, in botany - the same as the andromeda. ANDROMEDA, in Greek mythology, daughter of the king of Ethiopia, gave them as a sacrifice to the sea monster, ravage the country, and rescued by Perseus. According to the myth, after his death became a constellation (hence the name of the constellation). ANDROMEDA (lat. Andromeda), a constellation of the northern hemisphere. Andromeda nebula, the nearest galaxy to our giant spiral galaxy (a member of the Local Group of galaxies). Weight ~ (3-5) .1011 solar masses, the distance to the Andromeda nebula ~ 700 kpc. Visible to the naked eye (as misty spot) in the constellation Andromeda. ANDRONIC (1 in.), Apostle of the 70, Bishop of the Roman province of Pannonia (now Hungary), relatives and fellow-prisoner of the Apostle Paul (Romans 16: 7). Memory in the Orthodox Church, 4 (17) January 17 (30) May and 30 July (August 12). Andronikos I Komnenos (c. 1123-85), the Byzantine emperor from 1183. Having demagoguery support of the masses, seized the throne. Pursued a policy of terror against the aristocracy. Deposed nobility of Constantinople and executed. Andronicus of Rhodes (1st c. BC. E.), Greek philosopher, 11th sholarha Peripatetic school. Systematized and published major treatises of Aristotle (his t. N. "Esotericheskie" works). Andronicus (Andronikashvili) Irakli Luarsabovich (1908-90), Russian writer, literary critic, master storytelling, People's Artist of the USSR (1982). The main research focus Mikhail Lermontov. Lenin Prize (1976), the USSR State Prize (1967). Andronicus Monastery (Andronicus Saviour Monastery), founded approx. 1360 in Moscow, on the left bank of the Yauza. The architectural ensemble includes 4-stolpnyj white stone Cathedral of the Savior (1420-27) with fragments of frescoes (1420-ies.), Performed under the direction of Daniel Black and Andrei Rublev, the refectory (1504) with the church (1694), the walls and towers (17 in .). Since 1947 the Museum-Preserve of Early Russian Art. Andrei Rublev. Since 1987, the Central Museum of Ancient Russian Culture and Art. Andrei Rublev. Andronov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich (1901-52), the Russian physicist, academician of the USSR (1946). Author of fundamental works and founder of scientific school on the theory of nonlinear oscillations and its applications in radio physics, automatic control, dynamics of machines. One of the authors of the classic book "Theory of oscillations" (1937). ANDRONOV Nikolai Ivanovich (b. 1929), the Russian painter, Honored Artist of Russia (1978). The representative of t. N. Severe Style in Soviet art 50-60th. Author dramatic landscapes ("Night at the Soligalich"), analytical self-portraits, expressive mosaic panels ("Man and Printing" in the new building of the newspaper "Izvestia" in Moscow, 1977, together with AV Vasnetsov). USSR State Prize (1979). Andronovo culture (archeology), the Bronze Age (2nd millennium. BC. E.) In Zap. Siberia, Kazakhstan and South. Urals. Name in e. Andronovo about Achinsk. Burial grounds and remains of settlements. Agriculture: animal husbandry and agriculture. Andropov name Rybinsk, Yaroslavl region. in 1984-89. ANDROPOV Yuri (1914-84), General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee (1982-84), Chairman of the Armed Forces of the USSR (1983), Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Since 1940, 1st Secretary of Communist Youth (Leninist Young Communist League) Karelia. During the Great Patriotic War, one of the organizers of the partisan movement in Karelia. Since 1947, the 2nd secretary of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Karelia. In 1951-52 the CPSU Central Committee. In 1953-57 the Soviet Ambassador to Hungary; contributed to the Soviet invasion of Hungary (1956). Since 1957 Head of the Department of the Central Committee of the CPSU. In 1962-67 and in May 1982 Secretary of the CPSU. Politburo member since 1973 (Ph.D. 1967). In the 1967-82 chairman of the KGB, General of the Army (1976); led the implementation of repressive measures against dissidents and human rights movement (arrests, deprivation of nationality, etc..). As Secretary General of the administrative methods tried to stop the crisis in the party and the state. * * * ANDROPOV Yuri [2 (15) in June 1914, village Nagurskaya Stavropol Territory - February 9, 1984, Moscow], Soviet statesman and political leader, general secretary of the CPSU Central Committee (1982-84). Beginning of the road was born in the family of a railway worker, early left without a father. After the seven years working as an assistant projectionist at the railway club station Mozdok, work on the telegraph, the River Fleet sailor. In 1936 he graduated from the Rybinsk Water Transport Technical College, studied at the Petrozavodsk State University. Later he graduated from the Higher Party School of the Central Committee. In 1936 began the Komsomol career Andropov, the apex of which was the post of first secretary of the Komsomol of Karelia (1940-44). Since 1939 member of the CPSU (b). During the war of 1941-45 took part in the partisan movement Karelii.Ot ordinary party functionary to the chairman of the KGB in 1944, Andropov went to party work, was the second secretary of the Petrozavodsk City Party Committee, then the second secretary of the Communist Party of Karelia. Since 1951 - at the Central Committee of the CPSU. In 1954-57 was ambassador to Hungary. In 1956, Andropov insisted that the Soviet troops in Hungary, and then played an active role in suppressing the uprising against the communist regime in Hungary. He managed to persuade Kadar lead the Hungarian government formed by Moscow. After the events in Hungary Andropov was in charge of the socialist countries, the CPSU Central Committee (1957-67), was the secretary of the CPSU Central Committee (1962-67). In 1964 Andropov was involved in the displacement of Khrushchev. Since 1967 - Chairman of the KGB. During the 15 years of his leadership the state security organs have strengthened and expanded their control over all spheres of public life and society. One of the main activities of the KGB had a fight with dissident movement. Andropov conducted trials of human rights activists, used a variety of methods to suppress dissent, practiced various forms of extrajudicial persecution (eg compulsory treatment in psychiatric hospitals). At the initiative of Andropov began the expulsion of dissidents. For example, in 1974 he was sent abroad and then deprived of citizenship writer Alexander Solzhenitsyn. In 1980 Academician Sakharov was exiled to Gorky, where he was under constant control of the KGB. Particular attention is paid Andropov oversight of the security organs of the socialist countries. Conducted covert operations for the transfer of large sums of foreign currency by the communist parties and public associations, supporting the USSR. Andropov KGB supported international terrorist organizations. Andropov was a supporter of the most drastic measures in relation to the countries of the socialist camp, who sought to pursue an independent domestic and foreign policy. In August 1968 he had an impact on the decision to send troops of the Warsaw Pact in Czechoslovakia. In late 1979, Andropov supported the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1980 and insisted on carrying out military action against Poland. In 1974 he became a Hero of Socialist Labor, and in 1976 he was promoted to General of the Army. As general secretary in November 1982, Andropov was elected General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. In the first months of his reign, he proclaimed a policy aimed at socio-economic transformation. However, the changes were limited to administrative measures, strengthening of labor discipline, exposing corruption in the inner circle of the ruling elite. Political and economic system remained unshakable. Moreover, ideological control and repression against dissidents tightened. In foreign policy has intensified confrontation with the West. However, Andropov sought to strengthen his personal power. Since June 1983, he combines the post of general secretary to the presidency - Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. But at the highest position he remained little more than a year. The last months of his life, Andropov was forced to run the country from a hospital ward kliniki.Literatura Kremlin: Medvedev RA Communication times. Stavropol, 1992.Medvedev RA secretary general from Lubyanka. M., 1993.Volkogonov DA Seven leaders. Gallery leaders of the USSR: In 2 book. M., 1995. Pr. 2.L. Molchanov androecium (from the Greek. Aner, b. P. Andros - man and oikia - housing), the totality of the stamens of the flower. Andrus Nikolai Ivanovich (1861-1924), a Russian geologist, one of the founders of paleoecology, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences (1917; academician of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences from 1914). Since 1919, overseas. Works on the Neogene stratigraphy and paleontology of the Ponto-Caspian basin. First set of "contamination" black depth m. Hydrogen sulfide. Andrusovo truce completed Russian-Polish war of 1654-67 (1/30/1667, d. Andrusovo in the Smolensk region). Rzeczpospolita returned Russian Smolensk and Chernihiv land recognized reunification with Russia Left-Bank Ukraine. Andrushevka, city (1975) in Ukraine, Zhitomir region. Railway station. 12.9 thousand. Inhabitants (1991). Sugar Factory, Cheese Factory and others. Andhaka (Skt. Blind), demonic deity in Hinduism, one of the asura, and thousand-blind son of Shiva. Andhra Pradesh, the state in India, in the central part of the Indian Peninsula. 277 thousand. Km2. The population of 66.4 million. People (1991). Adm. ts.- Hyderabad. ANDES (Andes) (Andean Cordillera of South. America), the southern part of the Cordillera mountain range, which occupies the northern and western edge of mainland South. America. One of the longest (9 th. Km.) And the highest in the world (6960 m, of Akonkagua). Consists of parallel ridges - eastern. Center., Rec. and the Coastal Cordillera, between which the inner plateau or depression. Earthquakes are frequent; many active volcanoes. Andes lie in several climatic zones and different (especially in the center) sharp contrasts in moisture eastern and western slopes. The most significant glaciation in the Patagonian Andes. (St. 20 thousand. Km2). Andean passes interoceanic watershed, they originate the Amazon and its tributaries, is the alpine lake. Titicaca. Due to climatic differences and greater heights very diverse soil and vegetation and fauna. The Andes are rich in ores, mainly non-ferrous metals, foredeep - oil and gas. ANEURYSM (from the Greek. Aneurysma - extension) .. 1) cardiac aneurysm - bulging limited portion of the heart wall thinning, usually after a heart attack ... 2) aneurysm - a limited local extension of the arterial lumen due to stretching and bulging of its walls (atherosclerosis, syphilis, damage). Joke (from the Greek. Anekdotos - unreleased) .. 1) short story about the historical person, incident ... 2) Genre urban folklore, topical comic story-miniature with an unexpected ending, a kind of humorous parable. Anemia (from the Greek. An- - a negative prefix and haima - blood) (anemia), a group of diseases characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells and (or) hemoglobin in the blood, leading to hypoxia. Causes: blood loss (acute and chronic hemorrhagic anemia), increased kroverazrushenie (hemolytic anemia) or impaired hematopoiesis (with a lack of iron in the body - iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy, chlorosis, etc .; some vitamins - pernicious anemia, etc .; at a toxic lesion of bone marrow and t. d.). Some of anemia are hereditary diseases (eg., Sickle cell anemia). Manifestations of anemia: weakness, dizziness, shortness of breath, palpitations, pallor and others. Anemia ... (from the Greek. Anemos - wind), part of the complex words corresponding to the word "wind" (eg., An anemometer). ANEMOMETER (anemia ... and ...) meter, a device for measuring wind speed and gas flow (and sometimes the wind direction - anemometer) by the number of revolutions of a rotating turntable. Anemone, the same as anemone. ANEMOFILIYA (anemia ... and ... philia), cross-pollination by wind, for example. in cereals, birch. Anemochore (anemia ... and Greek. Choreo - I advance), distribution of the fruits and seeds of plants by the wind. Anergy (from the Greek. An- - a negative prefix and ergon - work, action), in medicine - the absence of the body's resistance to pathogenic environmental influences. Aneroid (from a- - a negative prefix and Greek. Neros - water), barometer, in which the atmospheric pressure is measured by the amount of deformation of the elastic metal box from which air is pumped out; when the pressure box shrinks or expands, and the associated arrow moves on the scale, indicating the pressure. Anaesthesiology (from anesthesia and ... logy), the area of clinical medicine dealing with the problem of pain relief, control of vital body functions during as well as before and after surgery. Anesthetic drugs used for anesthesia artificial; inhibit various kinds of sensitivity, especially pain. Anesthesia (Gr. Anaisthesia), loss of sensitivity due to the destruction of the sensory nerves. Artificial anesthesia for pain relief during surgery achieved the influence of anesthetic agents on the brain (general anesthesia - anesthesia) on nerve endings and trunks at the surgical site (local anesthesia) or spinal cord (spinal anesthesia). Aneta (Pico de Aneto), the highest peak in the Pyrenees (3404 m) in Spain. Aneuploidy (from the Greek. An- - a negative prefix, eu - well, ploos - fold and eidos - kind), an inherited change in which the body's cells contain the chromosome number is not a multiple of the main set: it is reduced by 1 (monosomy), at least 2 (nullisomiya) or increased by one or more chromosomes. Aneuploidy - the cause of a number of chromosomal diseases in humans. Angers (Angers), a city in western France, on the river. Maine, the administrative center of the Department of Maine et Loire and the main city of the historic region of Anjou. 141 thousand. Inhabitants (1990). Machinery, textiles, food processing. Museum of Tapestries and others. Romanesque-Gothic cathedral (12-13 cc.), Lock (13 in.). Anzhero-city (from 1931) in the Russian Federation, Kemerovo region. Railway station (Anzherskaya). 106.4 thousand. Inhabitants (1992). Coal mining. Plants: engineering, tractor units, chemical and pharmaceutical, and others. History Museum. Founded in 1897 Anjou (Anjou), a historical region in France. 7.6 thousand. Km2. The population of 700 thousand. Man. Includes departments Maine et Loire and Indre et Loire partially, Mayen, Sarthe. The main town - Angers. Anjou ISLAND, central, the largest island in the group of the New Siberian Islands. Islands include: boiler room, Faddeevsky, New Siberia, Belkovsky and Bunge Land. The total area of approx. 29 thousand. Km2. Named for PF Anjou. Anjou Peter Fedorovich (1796-1869), a Russian polar explorer, Admiral. In 1821-23 explored the northern coast of Siberia; drew a map of the New Siberian Islands. Angevins, the royal dynasty in England in 1154-1399 (see. Plantagenet), South. Italy in 1268-1442, Sicily in 1268-82 (nominally 1266-1302), Hungary in 1308-87, 1370-82 and Poland in 1384-85. Vela origin of French counts of Anjou (Anjou). ANZANI (Anzani) Alexander (1877-1956), a French designer. Italian in origin. Participated in cycling and road racing. One of the first designed and produced aircraft engines, air-cooled. Anzob, pass through Hissar Mts., In Tajikistan. The height of 3372 m. After Anzob passes highway Tashkent, Dushanbe. Anzû (Anzu, Zu, Imdugud) in Sumerian mythology Chthonic, a giant lion-headed eagle, the personification of a thunderstorm. ANZUS (Eng. Australia, New Zealand, United States - ANZUS), military-political bloc composed of Australia, New msg. Zealand and the United States; a treaty of alliance was signed in September 1951 and entered into force in April 1952. ANI ancient Armenian city in 5-16 cc., at p. Arpachay (now in Turkey). Economic, political and cultural center of Ap. Armenia. In the 10-11 centuries. the capital of the Kingdom of Ani. Archaeological excavations con. 19 - early. 20 cc., The remains of monuments of Armenian architecture. API, see. Kulsans. ANIVA, city (1946) in the Russian Federation, the Sakhalin region., On the banks of the hall. Bay. Railway station. 9.5 thousand. Residents (1992). Food enterprises. Aniva Bay Sea of Okhotsk., Off the south coast of. Sakhalin. Length of 90 km. The width of 104 km. Depth up to 93 m. Cities - Aniva and Korsakov. Anisogamy (from the Greek. Anisos - unequal and gamos - marriage), see. Heterogamy. Anisocoria (from the Greek. Anisos - uneven and kore - pupil), unequal pupil size due to organic lesions of the nervous system, eye diseases, and others. Anisotropy (from the Greek. Anisos - unequal and tropos - direction), the dependence of the properties of the medium on the direction. The anisotropy characteristic, eg., For mechanical, optical, magnetic, electrical and other. Properties of crystals. Ani empire state in 960's. - 1045, brings together a large part of Armenia (capital - Ani). Bagratids dynasty. The rise of science, literature and art. Conquered Byzantium. Anikita Melitinsky (d. 298), one of the thirty-three Christian martyrs soldiers injured in Melitene in persecution of the Emperor Diocletian. Memory in the Orthodox Church, 7 (20) of November. Anikst Alexander Abramovich (1910-88), the Russian literary critic, Doctor of Arts (1963), Honorary Doctor of Literature, University of Birmingham (1974). Work in the theory and history of Western literature, theater and aesthetics, about Shakespeare, Goethe. Anikushin Michael K. (b. 1917), the Russian sculptor, People's Artist of the USSR (1963), member of the USSR Academy of Arts (1962), Hero of Socialist Labor (1977). Monument to Alexander Pushkin (1957), the memorial "Heroic Defenders of Leningrad" (1975) - in St. Petersburg. Lenin Prize (1958). ANYKščiAi city (until 1917 the official name Onikshty) in Lithuania, at the confluence of Anikshta and šventoji. Railway station. 13.1 thousand. Inhabitants (1990). Production of milled footwear, building materials, etc.. The Memorial Museum of the poet A. Baranauskas and writer A. Vienuolis. Known since the 15th century. ANILINE, C6H5NH2, colorless liquid, boiling point 184,4 ° C. Used in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, explosives, polymers, rubber vulcanization accelerators. Animal genre (from Lat. Animal - animal), pictures of animals in painting, sculpture and drawing. Animal genre combines natural science and art beginning. Artists working in the animal genre called animal painter. ANIMALKULISTY (from Lat. Animalculum - animal), biologists 17-18 cc., Mistakenly believe that the sperm predobrazovan formed organism and the development of the embryo is reduced only to its increase in size. Avg. Ovisty. The animal (from Lat. Animal - animal), in biology - .. 1) animals belonging to the animal ... 2) the animal pole - the area of animal eggs, which is the core before fertilization. Animation supervisor (from Lat. Anima - the life, the soul, animator - the life-giving), cinematographer, working in animated films. Animated Film (Animation) (Eng. Animation from Lat. Animatus - lively, animated), the same as the animated cartoon movie. Animism (from Latin. Anima, animus - soul, spirit), the belief in the existence of souls and spirits, a mandatory element of every religion. ANIMIKIT, mineral species of native silver containing antimony. Anions (from the Greek. Anion, letters. - Going up), negatively charged ion; in the electrolysis of solutions containing ions, the anion moves to the positive electrode - the anode. See. Also cation. Anion exchange resins, one type of ion exchangers. Anion exchange resins, one type of ion exchange resins. ANSI, autumn apple varieties: striped anise, anise red (old Russian variety), anise purple and others. The fruits are medium-sized, sweet-sour, with "anise" flavor. Productivity of 250-500 kg per tree. Anisimov Ivan Ivanovich (1899-1966), the Russian literary critic, corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1960). Proceedings on classical and modern foreign literature. USSR State Prize (1978, posthumously). Anisimov Sergey Ivanovich (b. 1934), the Russian physicist, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1991; corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences since 1987). Works on Physics of continuous media, the theory of condensed matter, physical kinetics. USSR State Prize (1986). ANISIMOVTSY, religious sect abstainers in the 1920s. in Petrograd. Named after Anisim Smirnov, declared himself Christ, and attempts were made to healing. ANICHKOV Dmitry (1733-88), the Russian educator, philosopher, deist. Professor of Moscow State University (1771). His thesis on the origin of religion condemned for atheism, all copies of it burned. ANICHKOV Nikolai Nikolaevich (1885-1964), a Russian pathologist, academician of the USSR (1939) and the Academy of Medical Sciences (1944), president of the Academy of Medical Sciences (1946-53), Lieutenant General Medical Service (1943). Developed the cholesterol theory of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Works on the pathology of the reticuloendothelial system; auto-infection. USSR State Prize (1942). ANICHKOV Sergey Viktorovich (1892-1981), a Russian pharmacologist, academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences (1950), Hero of Socialist Labor (1967). Proceedings of the pharmacology of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Created a number of drugs (in Vol. H. Dibazol). Lenin Prize (1976), the USSR State Prize (1951). ANC Marzio (lat. Ancus Martius), one of the seven legendary kings Dr. Rome, Numa Pompilius grandson. Tradition ascribes to him care of the cults of gods and connects his name with the construction of a bridge over the Tiber and the laying of the port of Ostia. ANKARA (Ankara; formerly known as Angora), the capital of Turkey, on the Anatolian Plateau, the administrative center of Ankara il. 2.6 million. Inhabitants (1990). Mechanical Engineering. Flavoring, wool, leather, wood industry. Universities. Founded in the 7th century. BC. e. Since 1920 the seat of the Turkish Grand National Assembly and the government. Ankara (Angora) BATTLE, 28 (or 20) .7.1402, in which the forces of Timur defeated the Turkish army of Sultan Bayezid I, which led to the disintegration time in Turkey. ANCHOR (Ger. Anker, letters. - Anchor) .. 1) the item is hours (swinging fork), which provides a uniform course of the movement ... 2) Item for fastening parts of structures and machines. In plants lay anchor in the masonry (walls, foundations, vaults). The term "anchor" is also used in the sense of "intermediate part" (anchor plate, anchor link).

FRIEDRICH WILHELM NIETZSCHE / ФРИДРИХ ВИЛЬГЕЛЬМ НИЦШЕ

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