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Vorskla River, mainly in Ukraine, left tributary of the Dnieper River (which flows into Dneprodzerzhinskoe Reservoir.). 464 km, the basin area of 14.7 thousand. Km2. The average water consumption of 28.5 m3 / s. On the Vorskla - Graivoron city, Poltava, Kobelyaki. VORSMA, city (1955) in the Russian Federation, Nizhniy Novgorod region., Near the railroad Art. Vorsma. 13.6 thousand. Inhabitants (1991). Medical Instruments Plant and others. It was founded in the 16th century., In the 18th century. Center of metal handicrafts. VORSOVANNAYA fabric, which has undergone tufting, whereby on the surface of the nap formed (fleece), which consists of all of the individual fibers, yarns from pulling out. The most common cotton (bumazeya, flannel, bike, moleskin-cloth, suede) and wool (beaver, flannel, bike). By vorsovannym tissues are many varieties of blankets and some cloth (Castor) and drape (velor). Pile fabric, cloth, on which surface (usually on one side) has a pile consisting of densely spaced vertical ends of the strands. Pile is formed by cutting the yarn pile foundations or pile duck, additional to the normal warp and weft. By pile fabric with the main pile are plush, velvet, faux fur, carpets. Weft-pile fabric - polubarhat, cotton velvet, velveteen. Teasel, born bilateral, rarely perennial grass family Dipsacaceae. 15-20 species in temperate and tropical zones of Eurasia and in the tropics of Africa. Teasel seedheads seed (t. N. Vorsovalnye bumps) used in the textile industry for backcombing pile; grown in the Crimea, the Caucasus, Wed. Asia. Worth (Worth), Charles Frederick (1825-95), the first fashion designer, founder of leading to the 2nd floor. 19 in. fashion company in Paris, named after him. Worth was born in England, in France since 1845. In 1857 in Paris, together with the Swede Babergom (soon retired) Worth founded his company, which first models of clothes were not created to zakazchitsu, and on the mannequin (first fashion model was his wife). Worth models were popular throughout the world and have been repeatedly medals at international exhibitions (introduced in crinolines and bustles fashion). His case was continued from 1890 sons Gaston and Jean-Philippe, however, to compete with the new fashion creators could not. In 1954 the name Worth bought one of British firms. VORFOLOMEEV Michael A. (b. 1947), the Russian writer. In the plays ("Curtains", 1977, "Red Summer", 1978, "Motives", 1979, "On the path", 1981, "thaw", 1987 et al.), Marked by dynamic action and severity of collisions, refers to village life puts current social and moral questions. Playbook "Bird Flew Pink" (1981). Worcell (Worcell) Stanislav (1799-1857), a member of the Polish Uprising of 1830-31. In exile, a member of the Polish Democratic Society and its governing body "centralization" (1847), the organizer (1835) and the ideology of "Luda Polish." A supporter of Russian-Polish revolutionary alliance. BOC (Fos) (Vos) Martin de (1531 / 32-1603), Dutch painter, worked in Antwerp. Spent several years in Italy, in Rome and Venice, where as a landscape painter participated in the works of Tintoretto. In Antwerp, painted church, author of a number of portraits. Eighteenth Brumaire VIII year (on the republican calendar of the French Revolution), a coup 9-10 November 1799 Napoleon Bonaparte, who replaced the military dictatorship regime of the Directory in the form of the Consulate. Eight Immortals, the heroes of Chinese Taoist mythology, famous for his exploits. VOSKANYAN Arus Tigranovna (1889-1943), the Armenian actress, People's Artist of Armenia (1935). On stage since 1908, since 1921 in the Armenian Theater. Sundukian (Yerevan). Waxes, products of various origins, properties resembling beeswax. Natural waxes (m.p. 40-90 ° C) animal (beeswax, lanolin, spermaceti, etc.), And vegetable (eg., Carnauba). Waxes mainly composed of esters of higher fatty acids and monohydric alcohols, minerals (ozocerite, ceresin) - from saturated hydrocarbons. Synthetic waxes are produced, for example., The polymerization of ethylene. Used in engineering, medicine, cosmetics, household. The exclamation point punctuation mark (!), Putting at the end (and in some languages, eg., In Spanish, and in the beginning, upside down) exclamatory sentences, sometimes treatment and others. Wax painting, painting technique, in which the pigment agent is wax. Molten performed (encaustic) or dissolved in volatile oils or emulsion paints. Due to the low reactivity and resistance to moisture wax works in the technique of wax painting, for many centuries retains its original freshness of color, density and texture of the paint layer. In Dr. Egypt in the 14th century. BC. e. wax painting used for painting facades of temples, Dr. Greece and Byzantium - in easel painting. Wax glands are located in the outer covering of bees, bumble bees, aphids, scale insects and some other insects. Secrete wax which some bees build honeycombs. Voskresensk, city (1938) in the Russian Federation, Moscow Region., A marina on the River. Moscow. Railway junction. 81.4 thousand. Inhabitants (1991). Chemical (PO "Fertilizers" et al.), Building materials (cement, etc..), Light industry. Plant "Mashinostroitel." Voskresenskoe name Istra in the Moscow region. until 1930. Voskresensk Chronicle, a set of 16 all-Russian., completeness use different sources. One of the lists stored in the New Jerusalem (Resurrection) Monastery (modern Istra Moscow region.). VOSKRESENSKIY Alexander Abramovich (1809-80), the Russian organic chemist, the founder (together with NN Zinin) high school Russian chemist, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1864). Taught in many schools of St. Petersburg. Established structure and some properties of naphthalene and quinic acid (1838); opened quinone and theobromine (1841) investigated the domestic fossil fuels (peat, shale, brown and black coal), promoted mineral fertilizers. VOSKRESENSKIY Leonid Aleksandrovich (1913-65), a Russian scientist in the field of testing rocket and space technology, Doctor of Technical Sciences (1958), Hero of Socialist Labor (1957). Since 1954, Deputy General Designer of OKB-1 SP Korolev. Conducted complex experimental research and technical testing missiles, rockets and the first spacecraft. It is named after a crater on the moon. Sunday school, public or private educational, professional or religious schools where tuition is held on Sundays. In Russia, a con. 1850s. comprehensive high schools organized the progressive intelligentsia for illiterate and semi-literate workers, peasants and artisans; after the October Revolution transformed into schools for adults, and later - in the evening secondary schools. Inflammation, complex adaptive vascular tissue reaction to the impact of disease-causing agents: physical, chemical (eg., Burn), biological (introduction of micro-organisms). Basic common signs of inflammation - fever and changes in the composition of blood; local - redness, pain, fever, swelling, impaired function. Inflammation of the lungs (pneumonia), a group of lung diseases in humans and animals; characterized by inflammation of the alveoli in the lung interstitial tissue and bronchioles. In humans, caused by viruses, pneumatic or staphylococci and other microorganisms. Acute inflammation of the lungs may be lobar (with the defeat of the lobe, sudden onset, chills, fever, chest pain when breathing), focal (pneumonia) or interstitial (cough with mucopurulent sputum, temperature 37-39 ° C). In chronic inflammation of the lungs are affected bronchi, blood vessels and the lymphatic system of the lungs. EDUCATION, targeted human development, including the development of culture, values and norms of society. Via the formation and organization of life of certain communities. In the education of interaction between the individual, the family, the state and public institutions; educational and training institutions, mass media, religious institutions, community organizations and others. Educational colonies in the Russian Federation correctional institution for juvenile offenders sentenced to imprisonment. Igniter composition mixture to ignite gunpowder, solid propellants, pyrotechnics. Igniting the combustion temperature of compositions should be above the ignition material is ignited at less than 200 ° C. Perception, complex process of reception and transformation of information, providing a reflection of objective reality and orientation in the world. As a form of sensory reflection of the object comprises detecting an object as a whole, the distinction between the individual features in the object selection in it informative content relevant to the purpose of action, the formation of the sensory image. REPRODUCTION, continuous movement and the resumption of the process of production life of any system - biological (eg., Individual, population, biogeocoenosis, ecosystem) or social (eg., Individual, family, community, country, capital). Includes reproduction of elements of the system, the relationship between them and the interactions with the environment. The economy in simple reproduction production resumed at constant when extended - in increasing, under restrictions - to zoom out. Reproduction, in the narrow sense - the process of generational change as a result of natural movement (birth and death) in a wide - the constant renewal of the population based on natural movement, migration, transitions of people from one social group to another. Reproduction of natural resources, natural (regulated and unregulated) and artificial process increment of natural resources, restoration of quality of their performance. Includes species such as reclamation and land reclamation, agrotechnical measures to improve soils, reforestation, cultivation of stocking material, biotechnical measures for the conservation and reproduction of wild animals and birds, protection of water resources and air pool. Reproduction of nuclear fuel in nuclear reactors formation of secondary nuclear fuel - 239Pu (or 233U). Is due to the fact that the core t. N. raw material 238U (or 232Th) captures neutrons released during "burning" the primary fuel 235U. Carried out in breeder reactors (breeders). RESTORATION, see. Oxidation-reduction reactions. EAST (East Point), the point of intersection of the mathematical horizon with the celestial equator, which lies on the right (in the middle between points north and south) of the observer facing to the north; denoted B., O (it. Ost) or E (English. East). "East", the Russian polar station in the South Geomagnetic Pole in East. Antarctica, at an altitude of 3488 m, 1250 km from the coast. Operational since December 1957. The Pole of Cold Earth (approx. -90 ° C). Named in honor of the sloop "East". "EAST" ... 1) a series of single spacecraft to fly in low Earth orbit. Under the program, "East" explored the possibility of human space flight, carried out scientific and biomedical research and technical experiments. "East" is composed of the landing vehicle and instrument compartment with a brake propulsion. Maximum weight "East" 4.73 m. From 1961 to 1963, flew 6 "Vostok" with 6 astronauts. Made the first manned flight into space (Yuri Gagarin, 1961), for the first time committed group flight of two spacecraft (AG Nikolaev, Popovich, 1962) and the first space flight of a woman (Valentina Tereshkova, 1963) .... 2) 3-stage booster to launch spacecraft; at all levels of the liquid fuel is used. "EAST", sailing sloop of war. Built in 1818; displacement of 900 tons. In 1819-21, under the command FFBellinsgauzena on "East" and the sloop "Peace" has made the 1st Russian Antarctic expedition round the world and the discovery of Antarctica. East (pres. Fam. Ostenek) Hristoforovich Alexander (1781-1864), a Russian scholar, poet, academician of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1841). Russian researcher tonic versification, monuments of ancient Slavic alphabet and grammar of Slavic, in Vol. H. Russian, language, laid the foundations of comparative Slavic linguistics in Russia. For the first time issued a "Ostrom Gospel" (1843). Oriental Studies (Orientalism), a set of scientific disciplines that study the history, economics, languages, literature, ethnography, art, religion, philosophy of the East. Inside of Oriental developed regional industry (eg., Arabic studies, Sinology, Indology). Institute of Oriental Studies, RAS (IWRA) (in 1960-70 - Institute of the Peoples of Asia), a research institution, studied history, economics, literature, culture and languages of the countries of the East. Founded in 1930 in Leningrad, on the basis of the Asian Museum and some other oriental research institutions. Since 1950, in Moscow; has a branch in St. Petersburg. Eastern Asia, parts of Asia, adjacent to the Pacific approx. in temperate, subtropical and tropical zones from 20 to 60 ° C. w. Mountains in combination with broad plains. Monsoon climate. Natural vegetation - in the north of broadleaf and mixed forests in the south of the subtropical and tropical. Includes the eastern regions of the Russian Federation and China, Japan, North Korea and South Korea. Eastern Africa, Eastern Africa in the equatorial and subequatorial latitudes. Much of the eastern. Africa takes the East African Plateau. The climate is hot, seasonally wet precipitation from 500 to 3000 mm per year. In eastern. Africa - one of the largest concentrations of lakes (Victoria, Tanganyika, Nyasa, etc.). Dominated savannas and woodlands. On the eastern territory. Africa are located (fully or partially) the state of Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Somalia, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia. The Crimean War of 1853-56, see. The Crimean War of 1853-56. Eastern Roman Empire, see. Byzantium. Eastern Rumelia, autonomous region (the main city of Plovdiv) part of the Ottoman Empire, established in the territory of South. Bulgaria to the Berlin Congress of 1878. As a result of the popular uprising in September 1885 reunited with the Principality of Bulgaria. Eastern Siberia and the eastern part of Siberia from the Yenisei to the Pacific watershed ridges. The area of 7.2 million. Km2. Most of the busy Central Siberian Plateau. In the north - a strip of lowlands in the south - South Mountain. Siberia in the east - the Yana-Kolyma Highlands. See. Also Siberia. Australian Eastern Mountains, see. Great Dividing Range. Australian Eastern folding geosynclinal belt, Late-Paleozoic fold belt, part of the Pacific geosynclinal belt. Extends from the eastern part of the peninsula of Cape York in the north to about. Tasmania in the south of and including 3,500 km with a width of 1500 km. East Australian Current, a warm current of the Pacific approx. off the east coast of Australia; South branch. Equatorial Current. East African Rift system, the major faults and graben (rift) eastern. Africa, the Red m., And Aden Hall. Originated in the Mesozoic - Cenozoic as a result of the splitting of large continental blocks; characterized by an intense young volcanism and seismicity. With the East African Rift system related band Lakes (Tanganyika, Rudolph, Nyasa et al.). East Greenland Current, cold Arctic for approx. off the east coast of Greenland. It should be from north to south; year-round Arctic ice is bass., in the summer months - icebergs. Samoa (Eastern Samoa), the possession of the United States in the Pacific c., In the eastern part of the arch. Samoa. 197 km2. The population of 52.8 thousand. People (1993), mainly Polynesians. The official language - English. Believers mostly Protestant. Adm. c. - Pago Pago. Production and export of canned fish and copra. Currency - US dollar. East European Platform (Russian Platform) Precambrian platform, which occupies most of the eastern. and part of the West. Europe. The foundation acts on the surface on the Baltic Shield and Ukrainian array; the most important structures are also anteclise (Belarus, Voronezh, the Volga-Ural), syncline (Baltic, Moscow, Caspian) and aulacogens (Dnieper-Donets, Srednerussky et al.). East European Plain (Russian Plain), one of the largest plains of the world, occupying most of the eastern. Europe. On the north by the waters of the White and Barents Sea, in the south - the Black, Azov and Caspian Seas. In the south-west by the Carpathian Mountains in the south - the Caucasus, in the East - the Urals and Mugodzhary. In geological terms, corresponds to the East European platform. The average height of approx. 170 m (maximum - up to 1191 m in the Khibiny); the lowest mark - on the coast of the Caspian Sea. (28 m below sea level). The Russian Plain - Timan, The Middle, Azov, Volga and other hill in the south and south-east - a strip of coastal lowlands: The Black Sea, Caspian, and others. In the north and northwest is dominated by flat interfluve with moraine-hilly terrain, in the central and south - ravine relief. The rivers belong to the northern part of the bass. Arctic approx. (Mezen, Onega, Pechora, Sev. Dvina), western and southern - bass. Baltic m. (Neman, Western Dvina, Wisla et al.), Bass. Black m. (Dnieper, Dniester, South. Bug) and bass. Azov m. (Don); Volga, Ural and others fall into the Caspian Sea. Most of the territory is located in the forest zone, central and southern parts - in the forest and steppe zones, the extreme south-east - in the semi-arid areas and deserts (the Caspian Lowland.). In most of the East European Plain is the European part of the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova. EAST IRAN MOUNTAINS, within the Iranian plateau in the east of Iran. Length approx. 1000 km. Height up to 4042 m (Mount Taftan Volcano). Isolated arrays with flat tops. Mountain steppes and semi-deserts. East Kazakhstan region, Kazakhstan. 97.3 thousand. Km2. The population of 949 thousand. People (1991), 65% of the city. 6 cities, 20 towns (1991). Center - Ust-Kamenogorsk. Most of the territory is located in the Altai Mountains; the maximum height of St. 4000 m. The average January temperature of -17 to -26 ° C, in July 19-23 ° C. Precipitation from 120 mm up to 1000-1500 (mountains) per year. The main river - Irtysh. Oz. Markakol Zaisan (consisting Bukhtarma Reservoir.). Non-ferrous metallurgy on the basis of polymetallic deposits of Ore Altai. Engineering and metalworking, woodworking, light and food industry, production of building materials. Ust-Kamenogorsk, and Ulbinskaya Bukhtarma hydropower plant on the river. Irtysh. In agriculture, rainfed grain farming predominates. Sunflower crops; potatoes, vegetables; horticulture. Dairy and meat and meat and wool livestock (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, horses). Beekeeping, fishing, trapping. Shipping along the Irtysh. The East China Sea (Donghai), semi-enclosed sea Quiet ok., Between the coast of eastern. Asia (China) and the Ryukyu Islands and Kyushu (Japan). 836 thousand. Km2. The depth in the western part of less than 200 m in the east - up to 2719 m. It falls p. Yangtze. Fishing (herring, sardines), crab fishing, extraction of algae. Extraction of salt from sea water. Major ports: Shanghai (China), Nagasaki (Japan). Taebaek Mountains, east of the Korean Peninsula, Korea. Height up to 1915 m (Mt. Jirisan). Leaved and coniferous forests. As part of the East-Korean mountains - mountains Kumgang. East Korea Bay, Sea of Japan, off the coast of the Korean Peninsula. The depth of from 60 to 2000 m. Fishing. Major ports and Hungnam and Wonsan (North Korea). East Prussia, 13.1-25.4.1945, during the Great Patriotic War. Soviet troops of the 2nd (Marshal Rokossovsky) and third (Gen. Chernyakhovsky, February 20, Marshal Vasilevsky) Byelorussian Fronts in cooperation with the Baltic Fleet (Admiral . F. Tributs) broke through the powerful defense of the German Army Group "Center" (Colonel-General G. Reinhardt, from January 26 - Army Group "North", Colonel-General L. Rendulic), reached the Baltic m. and destroyed the main forces of the enemy (St. 25 divisions), occupying eastern. Prussia and freeing the northern part of Poland. East Prussia, 4 (17) .8-2 (15) .9.1914, during the 1st World War. The onset of the 1st and 2nd armies Russian North-Western Front to seize eastern. Prussia initially had some success, which forced the German command to remove part of the forces from the west, which helped France win the Marne operations. However, poor governance front commander YG Zhylinski and criminal omission commander of the 1st Army, General PK Rennenkampf led to the defeat of the Russian troops and their departure from the eastern. Prussia. East Sakhalin Mountains (East Ridge), in the eastern part of. Sakhalin. Length approx. 280 km. Height up to 1609 m (Mr. Lopatin). Consist of several en echelon ridges strongly dissected by valleys. Seismicity of 7 points. East-Siberian Branch of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, see. Irkutsk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. East Siberian Sea, a marginal sea of the Arctic approx. Between the New Siberian Islands and on. Wrangel. Area 913 thousand. Km2. Located on the shelf. The average depth of 54 m, maximum 915 m. Most of the year covered by ice. 5 ‰ salinity near the mouths of rivers and 30 ‰ in the north. Bays: Chaun Bay, Kolyma, Omulyakhskaya Bay. The larger islands: Novosibirsk, Bear, Aion. Fall river Indigirka, Alazeya, Kolyma. Fishing walrus, seal. Fishing. The main port - Pevek. East Pacific Rise, an underwater ridge middle of the Pacific approx. Characterized by a large width and stretch slope mild rift valleys with wide participation in the formation of the relief zones transverse faults. Length of 7600 km, width up to 850 km. The minimum depth of 732 m above the crest. EASTERN HIGHLANDS Tuvan, between the lower reaches of the river Yenisei B. (Bii-Khem) and M. Yenisey (Ka-Khem), in the east of Tuva. Height up to 2895 m. On the slopes of the mountain taiga and tundra. Eastern Alps, part of the Alps to the east of the transverse valley, connecting Lake. Constance and Lake Como. Includes Rhaetian, Ötztal, Zillertal, Dolomites, Julian Alps, Low and High Tauern and other ranges. Height up to 4049 m (Mt. Bernina). Eastern Beskydy, the northern part of the framing of the Carpathians in Poland and Slovakia. The height of 1000-1300 m. Include Low Beskid and Bieszczady. In the Eastern Beskids - Dukla Pass. Eastern Ghats (Eastern Ghats), the mountains that form the eastern edge of the Deccan in India. Split into separate arrays up to 1680 m. The eastern slopes facing the Bengal room., Steeper than the Western. Monsoon forests. Eastern Carpathians, the middle part of the Carpathians (between West. And South. Carpathians) in Slovakia, Poland, Romania and Ukraine. Length approx. 750 km. Height up to 2305 m (Mt. Petros). Mixed and coniferous forests, mountain meadows. Eastern Cordillera of the IDA, ridges, forming the eastern boundary chain in the mountain range of the Andes in Colombia and Ecuador, where they are structurally united with the Cordillera Central, as well as in Peru and Bolivia - Subandiyskie Cordillera. Height from 2000 to 6000 m. In Ecuador, active volcanoes. Eastern windward slopes are covered with evergreen forests, the western - deciduous and evergreen forests and woodlands. Eastern Slavs, one of the three (along with western and southern) major groups of ancient Slavs, formed after the collapse of their ethnic and linguistic community. Developed in the 6-9 centuries. on the territory of eastern. Europe. Facilities: The plow farming, ranching, hunting, fishing, bee-keeping. Crafts. Tribal alliances: clearing drevlyans, Krivichi and others. The final stage of military democracy. In the 1st floor. 9. early-association in Wed. Podneprovye and Priilmenye, which became the basis of Kievan Rus, which formed the Old Russian nationality. "East Wall" (It. "Ostwall"), a strategic defensive line of German troops on the Soviet-German front, built by the fall of 1943. He passed along the line: p. Narva, Pskov, Vitebsk, Orsha, p. SOG, middle reaches of. Dnepr (base "Eastern Wall"), p. Dairy. By the end of September 1943, Soviet troops broke through the "East Wall". Eastern Question, adopted in diplomacy and in the historical literature designation of international controversy in the 18th - early. 20 cc., Associated with the outlined collapse of the Ottoman Empire, shirivshimsya national liberation movement of the peoples inhabiting the Empire and the struggle of the great powers of the European section of its holdings (some researchers include in the concept of the Eastern Question as a wide range of political issues Wed East and the Caucasus). EAST Proving Ground (Eastern Test Range), US spaceport at Cape Canaveral and about. Merritt, NY. Florida. Established in 1946. Experienced missile launches since 1950; the first launch of Sputnik in 1958 ("Explorer 1"). In the Eastern Test Site is carried out a significant portion of the US space research. East Manych river in the south of the European part of the Russian Federation. 141 km, from the lower reaches of the St. undrained. 200 km, the basin area of 12.5 thousand. Km2. Included in the Kuma-Manych water system. On the East Manych - Chongarsky Reservoir. "Eastern Pact", a draft treaty on mutual assistance between the USSR, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Finland, Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania against the aggression of Nazi Germany. The idea of "Eastern Pact" was launched in the beginning. 1934 French Foreign Minister Louis Barthou; after his assassination (1934), the French ruling circles rejected this idea. EASTERN PASSAGE (Krusenstern pass Tsushima Strait) southeast pass the Korea Strait. between the islands of Tsushima in the west and the islands of Iki and Okinoshima in the east. Smallest width of 46 km, the smallest depth of 92 m in the fairway. Eastern Sayan Mountains, mountain range in southern Siberia. Length approx. 1000 km (from the left bank of the Yenisei River in the southeast almost to the shores of the lake. Lake Baikal). Dominate middle relief with a height of up to 2000 m; the maximum height of 3491 m (in the array Munch-Sardyk). On the right bank of river. Irkut - intermountain basins (see. Tunkinskaya Basin). Glaciation (the total area of approx. 30 km2). On the slopes of the taiga, above - woodlands and mountain tundra. Reserve "Columns". Deposits of mica, graphite, bauxite, phosphate and others. East Ridge, a mountain system in the east of Kamchatka. The length of 600 km. Consists of individual ridges (height up to 2485 m) with steep western and eastern slopes flatter. Park-type forests and shrub thickets (rhododendron, creeping cedar). Vostretsov, the same as Ostrets. Vostriakov, urban-type settlement in the Russian Federation, Moscow region. Railway station. 21 thousand. Inhabitants (1991). Woodworking and house-building plant. "Sunrise", a series of multi-spacecraft fly in low Earth orbit. According to the program "Sunrise" solves the problem of working out the interaction of crew members in flight, the possibility of a person working in an open space, carried out scientific and biomedical research and technical experiments. "Sunrise" consists of a lander with a system of soft landing, braking and propulsion instrument compartment. "Voskhod-2" had an airlock. Maximum weight "Sunrise" 5.68 m. In 1964-65 flew 2 "Voskhod" 5 astronauts. First flew the crew (VM Komarov, Feoktistov, Boris Yegorov, 1964) and carried out the first exit person EVA (Leonov, 1965). The ascent from the abstract to the concrete, the method research facility, consisting in the transition from abstract and one-sided knowledge of it to more specific playback in theoretical thinking - as a system of scientific definitions (see. Abstraction, concrete); One of the basic principles of dialectics. Octagon, in Russian and Ukrainian architecture (mostly 17-18 cc.) 8-coal in terms of structure or part of the structure, often on the basis of 4-coal ("octagon on the quadrangle"). Eight-year school in the 1959-84 school of general education in the USSR, let's incomplete secondary education. Votkinsk, city (1935) in the Russian Federation, Udmurtia. Railway station. 104.5 thousand. Inhabitants (1991). Mechanical engineering, woodworking, food industry. House-Museum Tchaikovsky was born in Votkinsk. Founded in 1759. VOTE (from Lat. Votum - desire, will), the view expressed by the vote. In the public right of vote of confidence - parliamentary approval of the government. In a number of foreign countries with censure the government, as a rule, resigns or Parliament (Lower House) dissolved head of state and hold early parliamentary elections. Votchala Filatovich Eugene (1864-1937), plant physiologist, founder of the Ukrainian scientific school, Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (1921). Major works on water movement in the trees, electrophysiology plant physiology private sugar beets. Patrimony, ... 1) an ancient form of land ownership in Russia to be inherited. Originated in the 10-11 centuries. (prince, Boyar, monastery) in the 13-15 centuries. the dominant form of land tenure. From the end. 15 in. opposed the estate, which has moved closer to the 16-17 centuries. and in the beginning. 18 in. merged into a single view - the estate. Later patrimony - every feudal land ownership .... 2) Term used in Russian historical literature to refer to the complex of feudal land ownership and related rights in the dependent peasants. As a rule, was divided into manor farm (domain) and peasant holding. Within the patrimony of its owner (possessing the right immunity) belonged to the administrative and judicial powers, the right to levy taxes. Synonyms fiefdoms - Senior, manor, mansion. Fiefdom industry, industrial enterprises in Russia, which were created by the landlords on their estates on the basis of bonded labor. Fiefdom THEORY, historians belief system (mainly the 2nd floor. 19 - beg. 20 cc.), The withdrawal of Western medieval fiefdom decisive role in the socio-economic, political and cultural life of the Middle Ages. Representatives Fustel de Coulanges, Seebohm et al. (For their ancestral lands - one of the primary institutions of human society), Iman-Shternegg, Lamprehe et al. (Patrimonial theory combined with elements of community theory). Fiefdom Court, the owner of the demesne over their serfs (in Russia since the 16th century. Before the abolition of serfdom in 1861). Votyakov, formerly known Udmurtia. IN-Quan, in Chinese mythology a wise old man who knows the drug of longevity and immortality. Lives in the mountains, his body covered with hair. Washer, born yellow-green algae. Metals in the form of filaments noncellular structure. Ok. 60 species at the bottom of freshwater bodies, rarely seas, on moist soil. Voshchak Yaroslav Antonovich (1921-89), the Belarusian conductor, People's Artist of the USSR (1979). Since 1953 the chief conductor of opera houses Lviv, Odessa, Voronezh, Kazan. Since 1972, chief conductor from 1980 conductor of the Belarusian Opera and Ballet Theatre. Voshchanka Belarusian engravers: ... 1) Maxim Yarmolinich (? - 1708), an engraver on copper, led the printing house of the Mogilev brotherhood of the Epiphany (23 etchings for the book "Hymn and canons," 1693) .... 2) Basil Maksimovic, son Maxim Yarmolinicha. Worked in Mogilev in 1694-1730. Wood Engravers (sheets "John of Damascus", "Christmas" in "Osmoglasnike", 1730). VOSCHILO Basil, leader of the uprising of the peasants and the poor in 1740-44 Belarus. Declared himself the grandson of Bogdan Khmelnitsky. After the defeat of the uprising troops of the Polish king fled to Ukraine. Wax, wax thin sheets with embossed 6-carbon bottoms of bee cells. Made at reprocessing plants waxy feed. Is fixed in a frame, which is inserted into the hive, which speeds up the construction of honeycombs of bees.
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