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Bronchioles, the smallest branches of the bronchial tubes end in the pulmonary lobules, which do not contain cartilage and alveolar ducts passing into the lungs. Bronchitis, respiratory disease of humans and animals with lesions of the bronchial walls. In humans distinguish acute and chronic bronchitis. Symptoms: cough, fever, shortness of breath. The main causes: infection, occupational hazards, smoking, cooling. BRONHOADENIT, inflammation of intrathoracic lymph nodes (more turebkuleze). Bronhografii method, X-ray examination of the trachea and bronchi after introducing them radiopaque substance. Bronchopneumonia, the same as the focal pneumonia. Bronchoscopy (from the bronchi and ... Skopje), the method of study airway using a bronchoscope (a metal tube with optical and lighting systems), which is inserted through the mouth into the trachea and bronchi. David Bronstein Ionovich (b. 1924), the Russian chess player, International Grandmaster (1950), Honored Master of Sports (1951). Member of the World Championship match with Mikhail Botvinnik (1951), the Candidates Tournament (1950, 1953, 1956). Champion of the USSR (1948-49). Brongniart (Brongniart), French scientists, father and son: 1) Alexander (1770-1874), a geologist, a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences (1815). Introduced the concept of managerial resources and contributed to the creation of the paleontological method in stratigraphy. From 1800 the director of the Sevres porcelain factory, where he organized the Museum of Ceramics ... 2) Adolf Theodor (1801-76), a botanist, a foreign corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1829). Proceedings on embryology, physiology, plant systematics, paleobotany. ARMOR, means the protection of people, military equipment, weapons, defensive structures from the effects of various weapons. Made of steel, but also of high strength aluminum alloys, plastics, and others. There are protivosnaryadnym and bulletproof armor. Brosnan (Brosnan) Pierce (b. 1952), English actor. After roles in the films "The Long Good Friday" and "The Lawnmower Man" became famous as a regular performer of super agent 007 James Bond ("Golden Eye", 1995, directed by M. Campbell). Dumping, see. Dumping. Bross (Brosset) Marius Ivanovich (Marie Felicite) (1802-80), Russian historian, academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1838). A native of France, Russia and 1836. Works on the archeology and history of Georgia and Armenia, 5-18 cc., The history of Georgian and Armenian literature and language. Brouwer (Brouwer) A., See. Brouwer A. Brody Broude (1924-78), the Russian physicist, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences (1963). Works on the solid-state spectroscopy, mainly molecular crystals. Held a series of theoretical and experimental studies of excitons in crystals. Lenin Prize (1966). Brown (Brown) (Brown), Robert (1773-1858), English botanist, foreign corresponding member (1826) and honorary member (1827) Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Described the plant cell nucleus and the structure of the ovule. Established the major differences between gymnosperms and angiosperms (1825), opened the Brownian motion (1827). Browne (Browne) P., See. Brown R. Brown Peter Ivanovich (1852 / 53-1927), a Russian meteorologist, one of the founders of meteorology, Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1925; corresponding member of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences since 1916, corresponding member Russian Academy of Sciences from 1917). Introduced (1910) concept of "outer" (geographic) shell of the Earth. Brownian motion (Brownian motion), random motion of tiny particles suspended in a liquid or gas under the influence of collisions of molecules of the environment; openly R. Brown. Brown-Sequard (Brown-Sequard) Charles (1817-94), a French physiologist and neurologist. Major works on the physiology and pathology of the central nervous system. Investigated the physiology of the endocrine glands, "rejuvenating" effect on the human body extracts from the testes of animals. Broch (Broch) Herman (1886-1951), Austrian writer. In the novel "Sleepwalkers" (1931-32), "The Death of Virgil" (1945), the anti-fascist novel "The Tempter" (1953) showed a devaluation of traditional values in the modern world. BROSHKEVICH (Broszkiewicz) Hedgehogs (b. 1922), a Polish writer, playwright. A novel about Chopin "The image of Love" (1950), the film series "The Ten Commandments" (1970-71), a psychological novel "Dr. Twardowski" (1977-79); play the moral and philosophical problems. Brooches (fr. Broche), decoration with Velcro Fasteners it to a woman's dress at the neck, chest or on the collar. Brochure (fr. Brochure), print edition small volume (in international practice from 5 to 48 p.). Bookbinding process (stitching) (from the French. Brocher - sew, knit), the processing of printed sheets in the production of brochures, magazines, books. Basic operations: cutting and folding sheets, attaching additional elements (pictures, bookends, and others.), Acquisition of books in blocks and their bond. Brugmann (Brugmann), Karl (1849-1919), a German linguist, foreign corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1893). One of the founders mladogrammatizma. Works on the comparative grammar of Indo-European languages. BRODER (Eng. Brooder, from the brood - to sit on the eggs), a device for heating young poultry in the first weeks of life. Umbrella pyramidal shape, inside which the heater is mounted. Bruyevich Nicholas G. (1896-1987), the Russian scientist, academician of the USSR (1942), Lieutenant General Aviation Engineering Service (1944). One of the founders of the theory of the accuracy and reliability of machines and devices. Brook (Brooke) Alan Francis (1883-1963), British field marshal (1944). During the 2nd World War II commander of the British Corps in France in 1940-41 commander of the metropolis, in 1941-46 Chief of the Imperial General Staff. Brook (Broek Van den) Antonius van den (1870-1926), a Dutch lawyer (JD, 1895) and physicist. Until 1903 practiced law, then his interest shifted to the natural sciences. Major works related to the study of the structure of the atomic nucleus, the isotope. In 1913, put forward the hypothesis that the nuclear charge is numerically equal to the sequence number of the corresponding element in the periodic table. Brook Isaak (1902-74), the Russian scientist, corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1939). Major works on the electric power system computer. Brook (Brook), Peter (b. 1925), English film director. He worked in the Royal Shakespeare Theatre (Stratford-upon-Avon) and drama theaters in London. Among the productions of "Hamlet" (1955), "King Lear" (1962) by William Shakespeare, "The Cherry Orchard" by Anton Chekhov (1981). Since 1971, the head of the International Centre for Theatre Research in Paris. Brooke, mineral subclass of simple oxides, one of the three natural polymorphs TiO2. BRUCKNER (Brookner) Anita (b. 1928), British novelist. Psychological novel "Hotel" At the Lake "(1984, Booker Prize)," misalliance "(1986)," Late guests "(1988) and others. BRUCKNER (Bruckner) Anton (1824-96), Austrian composer, organist, and teacher. one of the largest symphonic 2nd floor. 19 in. 11 symphonies, 4 Mass, Requiem (1849). Magnificat (1852), song et al. BRUCKNER Ferdinand (pres. name and fam. Theodor Tagger, Tagger) (1891-1958 ), Austrian writer. Acute psychological conflict in the anti-fascist drama "Elizabeth of England" (1930), "The heroic comedy" (staged in 1942), "Simon Bolivar" (1945). BROOKS (Brooks) Van Wyck (1886-1963), American literary critic. Close to the cultural-historical school. Books "Adulthood America" (1915), "Torture M. Twain" (1920), as well as G. James, Herman Melville, Robert W. Emerson. a series of works about the formation of the American literary tradition and its significance for the present. BROOKS (Brooks) Gwendolyn (b. 1917), an African-American poet. The collection of poems "in Brounzville Street" (1945), "Consumers beans" (1960), an anthology of "The World of Gwendolyn Brooks' (1971). Autobiographical book "Extracts from the first part" (1972). BROOKS (Brooks; pres. The name of Melvin Kaminsky, Kaminsky) Mel (b. 1926) is an American screenwriter, director, actor and producer. Became known as the author of parodies of popular Hollywood genres - western ("Blazing Saddles", 1973), horror ("Young Frankenstein", 1974, "The fear of heights", 1977), and others. RIDGE Brooks (Brooks Range), in the North. America, in northern Alaska. Length approx. 1000 km. Height up to 2761 m. The mountain tundra. Brookhaven National Laboratory (Brookhaven National Laboratory) of the Office of Energy Research and Development USA, founded in 1947 (about. Long Island, NY. NY). Research on nuclear energy, nuclear medicine, and others. BRUKHEYZEN (Broekhuizen) Joan van (1649-1707), a Dutch soldier and poet. Commentator Propertius and Tibullus. Book "Poems" (1677, in Dutch), "Poems" (1684, in Latin). Broome (Brum) Balthazar (1883-1933), President of Uruguay in 1919-23, from 1913 in various ministerial posts. Advocates of reform Batlle y Ordóñez. Committed suicide in protest against the establishment in the country in 1933 dictatorship. Eugene M. Brumberg (1907-77), a Russian engineer, a specialist in the field of optical instrumentation. Created a number of original optical devices: ultrahemiskop (instrument for the manifestation of hromogramm in ultraviolet rays), ultra-violet microscope. Developed a method of contact fluorescent microscopy used in the study of the microstructure of histological sections of organs and tissues of humans and animals. USSR State Prize (1942). Brumel Valery (b. 1942), the Russian sportsman (athletics), Honoured Master of Sports (1961). Olympic champion (1964), Europe (1962), the Soviet Union (1961-63) in the high jump. Multiple champion mira.BRUMEL Valery (b. May 14, 1942, the village Intelligence Tyndinsky District Amur Region), Russian athlete (track and field); Honored Master of Sports (1961). 1964 Olympic champion in the high jump. Olympic silver medalist 1960 European Champion (1962), the Soviet Union (1961-63). World record (1961-71) .Ispolnenie childhood dream Valeria passed in Voroshilovgrad. At age 15, he took second place in the championship of Ukraine among schoolchildren, jumping to a height of 1 m 75 cm, 2 years later overcame a height of 2 m. He was one of the first high jumpers, pay more attention to training work with the rod, thereby strengthening the legs and improve jumping ability, enhance physical fitness. In 1960 he entered the Moscow Institute of Physical Culture, entered the Olympic team strany.Shest world record Olympic Games in 1960 in Rome took Brumel second place with a score of 2 m 16 cm, giving way on the number of attempts Soviet jumpers Shavlakadze Robert (b. 1933), but ahead of American world record holder John Thomas (b. 1943). Under the leadership of one of the best local trainers VM Dyachkova and due to its immense health was able to quickly master the latest technology jump. In 1961-63 recognized as the best athlete of the world, setting these years six world records. In 1964 took part in the next Olympic Games in Tokyo and won, setting a new Olympic record (2 m 18 cm). For sporting success was awarded the Order of Red Banner of Labor (1964) .Vozvrascheniya October 5, 1965 after the end of the training was in severe catastrophe. For three years suffered 25 small and 7 large operations, but was on crutches with no hope of ultimate recovery. Was on the verge of a nervous breakdown when he was advised to see a doctor GA Ilizarov. Five months after treatment by the method of Ilizarov in Kurgan, he began to train, and after two months took a height of 2 m 5 sm.Cherez half a year (1969) during the competition received a new serious injury - torn knee ligaments very important for a high jumper jogging leg. Again did his best to return to the sport. They called him stubborn, fanatic, but he believed in himself and took a height of 2 m 7 cm. Retires from sport, became a writer, wrote an autobiographical book "Height" (1971), a play dedicated to Dr. Ilizarov. V. Linder Brunnhilde (Brunhilde) (c. 534-613), the Frankish queen, with 575 actually ran Austrasia. Fought with the king of Neustria Chilperic I and his wife Fredegund and avstraziyskoy nobility. Defeated. Penalty. Brunnhilde (Brynhild), in Norse mythology one of the Valkyries; in German "Song of the Nibelungs" Queen of Iceland, which became the wife of Gunter, King of the Burgundians; culprit Siegfried's death. Brunei, Brunei (Brunei Darussalam), a state in the south-east. Asia, on the northwest coast of. Kalimantan. 5.8 thousand. Km2. The population of 275 thousand. People (1993); mainly Malays and Chinese, Dayak and others. The urban population of 90% (1993). Official languages - Malay and English. Most believers - Sunni Muslims. Capital - Bandar Seri Begawan. Part of the Commonwealth. Brunei - a constitutional monarchy (Sultanate). The head of state - the sultan. Most of the surface - plain. The climate is equatorial. Air temperature throughout the year approx. 26 ° C. Rainfall 2000 - 4000 mm per year. St. 75% of the territory is occupied by tropical rainforests. In 1888-1983 the British protectorate. January 1, 1984 proclaimed the independence of Brunei. The basis of the economy - oil production, production of liquefied gas. The share of gross domestic product (1990,%) 41.6 Industry, agriculture 2.1. Cultivated rice, sago; rubber plantation. Livestock. Logging. Refining. The main form of transport - river navigation. Length (1990) 19 km of railways, highways 2.2 thousand. Km. Exports of oil, liquefied natural gas, oil products, rubber, timber. Major trading partners: Japan, South. Korea, Singapore. Currency - Brunei dollar. Brunelleschi (Brunelleschi), Filippo (1377-1446), an Italian architect, sculptor, scientist. He worked in Florence. One of the founders of Renaissance architecture and the theory of linear perspective. Innovative use of ancient traditions. Works of Brunelleschi differ harmonious clarity, rigor proportions, perfect construction and engineering solutions (the dome of Santa Maria del Fiore, 1420-36; Ospedale degli Innocenti, 1421-44; Pazzi Chapel, 1429 - all in Florence). Bruner (Bruner) Jerome Seymour (b. 1915), American psychologist. One of the first to study the needs and values as organizing factors of perception. Proceedings on learning. BRUNI Lev Alexandrovich (1894-1948), Russian painter, in 1910 and early 1920s. belonged to Futurism and Constructivism, creating kontrrelefy and figurative compositions. Virtuoso drawing, light color spots, later moved to the more traditional painting and drawing (in Vol. H. Optina desert landscapes) in the spirit of "silent art". Was also a master of monumental painting (in 1935-48 led the proper studio at the Academy of Architecture), developing and principles are alien to the official organ of the free, rhythmically-refined creativity. BRUNI (Bruni) Leonardo (nickname - Aretino) (1370 or 1374-1444), Italian humanist. Defended the idea of the full development of the individual, condemned asceticism. Staunch Republican opponent of tyranny. The author works "History of Florence" (Vol. 1-12, 1439), "The Life of Dante," "Life of Petrarch." BRUNI Fyodor Antonovich (1799-1875), the Russian historical painter. Combines elements of classicism and romanticism ("The Brazen Serpent", 1827-41). From the end. 1840s. Head of Russian academic (painting St. Isaac's Cathedral in St. Petersburg, 1841-45). BRUNNER (Brunner), Henry (1840-1915), a German historian, foreign corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1908). Works on the history of the state and the right of early Western European Middle Ages. Supporter of community theory. BRUNNER, Emil (1889-1966), a Swiss Protestant theologian, representative of dialectical theology. BRUNO (Bruno) Giordano (1548-1600), Italian philosopher and poet-pantheist. Accused of heresy and burned by the Inquisition in Rome. In gilozoisticheskoy (see. Hylozoism) natural philosophy Bruno, directed against the scholastic Aristotelianism, Neo-Platonic idea of the one and the beginning of the world-soul intertwined with notions of early Greek natural philosophy and Hermetic tradition. Developing the ideas of Nicholas of Cusa and Copernicus heliocentric cosmology, Bruno defended the concept of the infinite universe and innumerable worlds. Major works: "The reason, the beginning and the single", "On the infinity of the universe and the worlds", "On the heroic enthusiasm." Author anticlerical satirical poem "Noah's Ark", the comedy "Candle", philosophical sonnets. BRUNFELS (Brunfels) Otto (1488-1534), a German botanist. Author of the first botanical atlas ("Live images of plants", vols. 1-3, 1530-36). Linnaeus named Brunfelsa father of botany. Bar (rod) (in the structural mechanics), structural element, the transverse dimensions of which are small compared with the wavelength. Alexei Brusilov (1853-1926), a Russian military leader, General of Cavalry (1912). In the 1st world war commander of the 8th Army in the battle of Galicia, in 1916 the commander in chief of the Southwestern Front, held a successful offensive (ie. N. Brusilovsky breakthrough). In May - July 1917 Supreme Commander. Since 1920, the Red Army in 1923-1924 inspector of cavalry. George L. Brusilov (1884-1914?), The Russian Arctic explorer, Navy lieutenant. In 1910-11 member of the hydrographic expedition ships "Taimyr" and "Vaigach". In 1912-14 expedition leader on the schooner "St. Anne", the aim of which was to pass through the Northern Sea Route from the Atlantic to the Pacific approx. The fate of the expedition is unknown. Brusilovsky Eugene G. (1905-81), the Kazakh composer, People's Artist of Kazakhstan (1936). The author of the first Kazakh operas, orchestral works. Opera "Kyz Zhibek" (1934), "Er Targyn" (1936), "Dudarai" (1953), the cantata "Soviet Kazakhstan", 7 symphonies et al. Professor Alma-Ata Conservatory (since 1955). USSR State Prize (1948). Brusilov Offensive see. Southwestern Front offensive. Squares, mineral subclass hydroxides, Mg (OH) 2. Usually white sheet aggregates. Hardness of 2.5; density 2.4 g / cm3. Occurs as veins in serpentinites and marbleized limestone. Raw materials for ceramics and paper industry, refractory materials. Bruschino Grigory Davidovich (b. 1945), a Russian artist, was formed in line karnavalizma. Since 1989 in the US. Gained notoriety for its "Fundamental Lexicon" (1986), where the figures bearing the emblem of the official Soviet culture, brought together at large tables. In subsequent work, the same principles of sots-art connected with elements of ironic Judaica. Brusno Mikhail Ivanovich (1864-1937), organizer and leader of one of the first Russian Social-Democratic groups (1889-92); St. organized. 20 business circles, strikes, Schelgunovskuyu demonstration, the first May Day 1891. Since 1907, departed from political activity. Cranberry, a family of dicotyledonous plants; mostly shrubs, bushes and shrubs. Ok. 800 species (35 genera), mostly in the tropics and subtropics of America. By cranberry include cranberries, blueberries, cranberries, blueberries. Broussonetia, genus of trees and shrubs in the family mulberry. 6-8 species in East. Asia and Polynesia. Paper mulberry (paper wood, paper mulberry), and Broussonetia kazinoki used to produce high-quality paper. Grown as an ornamental mainly in the Crimea, the Caucasus and Wed. Asia. Parapet (it. Brustwehr), a small mound - a part of the trench or trenches designed for convenience when shooting, protection against bullets, shell fragments and shelter from enemy observation. Pavers, road-building material in the form of bars (length 15-30, 12-15 width, height 10-15 cm) of solid rocks (diabase, basalt, granite, etc.). Sometimes used for the device coatings on most congested sections of road road paving. Squares, gym sports equipment from the 2 horizontal timbers, poles, strengthens 4 racks. Men compete on parallel, women - on the uneven bars. BRUT (Brutus) Decimus Junius Albin (c. 84-43 BC. E.) In Other. Rome is one of the commanders of Caesar; participated in 44 of plotting against him. Lucius Junius BRUT, according to the Roman tradition, the patrician, who led the revolt against Tarquinius Superbus and established in 510-509 BC. e. republican system in Rome, one of the first consuls (along with Tarquinius Kollatina). BRUT Marcus Junius (85-42 BC. E.) In Other. Rome chapter (along with Cassius) 44 conspiracy against Caesar. According to legend, one of the first stabbed him with a dagger. Topped with Cassius Republicans in the fight against the 2nd triumvirate; defeated, committed suicide. Brutalism (neobrutalizm) (from the English. Brutal - rough), the direction in architecture from the 1950s., Seeking to maximize the detection of architectonic structures with rough palpable, accentuated weighting architectural forms; uses the natural texture of materials, structures and systems exposed building services (architects A. and P. Smithson in the UK, P. Rudolph in the US). Gross, one of the Italic Oscan-Umbrian tribes in the South. Italy (modern. Calabria). In the beginning. 3. BC. e. conquered by Rome. Allies Carthaginian commander Hannibal during the 2nd Punic War. GROSS (from Italian. Brutto - rough, unclean), the mass of the goods with packing. See. The net also. Brucellosis, chronic infectious disease of humans and domestic animals (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs) caused by brucella. People become infected when caring for sick animals and by eating infected meat and dairy products. Tags: undulating fever, enlarged liver and spleen, joint disease, and many others. Animals often become infected with food and water (pigs and sheep - when mating); the main feature of the animals - abortion. Brucella genus of small spherical or rod-pathogenic bacteria that cause brucellosis. Brucine, alkaloid (along with similar structures strychnine) in the tropical plants of the genus Strychnos (chilibuha). A strong poison, causing convulsions. Brushlinskaya Andrey (b. 1933), the Russian psychologist, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1991; corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences since 1990). Work on the theory of thinking and problems of appearance and development of the human psyche. Brushteyn Alexander Y. (1884-1968), Russian writer. Autobiographical trilogy, directed to young readers: "The road goes into the distance ..." (1956), "In the hour of dawn" (1958), "Spring" (1961). Mesentery (mesentery) fold of peritoneum, that attaches to the walls of the internal organs of the body cavity of humans and animals having a secondary cavity - general. Ruff (Pol. Bryze), or release collar on the chest in the form of frills. Bryzgina (Vladykina) Olga Arkadievna (b. 1963), the Ukrainian athlete (track and field). Olympic champion (1988 and 1992) in the women's 400 meters and the 4x400 meters relay. Multiple champion and record holder of the USSR. Bryzgunov, the family of the order Perciformes fish. Length approx. 20 cm. 4-5 species in fresh and brackish waters of the south-east. Asia, in the mangroves. They feed on insects, knocking them out of his mouth water jet. Janka Bryl (Ivan Antonovich) (b. 1917), the Belarusian writer, People's Writer of Belarus (1981). The story "In Zabolote dawns" (1950), a collection of short stories "My Native Land" (1960). "Once again, the first snow" (1977), a collection of lyrical miniatures "Handful of sunlight" (1965), a documentary book "I - from the fiery village" (1977, with A. Adamovich and Kolesnikov), essays, children's books . USSR State Prize (1952). Brylska (Brylska) Barbara (b. 1941), a Polish actress. In the cinema in 1963. Filmed in the movies: "Pharaoh", "Pan Volodyevsky"; Soviet films - "Liberation", "Cities and Years", "Irony of Fate, or Enjoy Your Bath". USSR State Prize (1977). BRYMBAROV Christ (1905-74), Bulgarian singer (baritone). Soloist Sofia folk opera. Gained international fame. Professor at the State Academy of Music. Pupils: N. Ghiaurov, D. Uzunov et al. Feta cheese (from room. Brinza), pickled cheese from sheep's milk or a mixture of sheep's and goat's. Brancoveanu (Brankovyanu) (Brincoveanu) Constantine (1654-1714), ruler of Wallachia to 1688. He opened a few printers, undertook construction (1700-02) Mogosoaia Palace (approx. Bucharest), and others. In 1703, established diplomatic relations with Russia. Executed by the Turkish authorities. Brancusi (Brincusi), fr. Brancusi (Brancusi) Constantine (1876-1957), Romanian sculptor. One of the pioneers of abstract art in European sculpture. Realistic portraits, plastically generalized symbolic images (a series of "Bird in Space", 1910). In the memorial complex in the city of Targu Jiu (1937-38) sought to modern interpretation of traditional Romanian folk art. Bragg (Bragg), English physicist, the founders of X-ray diffraction, father and son. The first (1913) have deciphered the structure of the atomic number of crystals using X-ray diffraction. Nobel Prize (1915). 1) William Henry (1862-1942), member (1906) and president (1935-40) of the Royal Society ... 2) William Lawrence (1890-1971), director of the Cavendish Laboratory (1938-53) and the Royal Institute in Cambridge (1954-60). Set t. N. Bragg condition - Wolf. Bragg - Wolf CONDITION X-ray diffraction in crystals: 2dsin ?? = M? Where d - the distance between the reflecting crystal faces,? - The angle between the incident beam and the reflecting plane? - Wavelength, m - a positive integer. It was established in 1913 by WL Bragg and independently GV Wulff. Bragg condition - the basis of X-ray structural analysis. Bradbury (Bradbury) Ray Douglas (b. 1920), American writer. Prose, synthesizing science fiction story, a parable, socio-psychological research: the book "The Martian Chronicles" (1950), the novel "Thanksgiving Tree" (1972), "Death - a lonely occupation" (1985); collection of short stories "Dandelion Wine" (1957); dystopia "451 ° Fahrenheit" (1953) about the tragic impact on the culture of dehumanizing the scientific and technical progress. Poems. BRADLEY (Bradley) Omar Nelson (1893-1981), US Army General (1950). During the 2nd World War commanded a corps, since 1944 the 1st Army and the 12th Army Group in Europe. In 1947-49 the Chief of Staff of the US Army in 1949-53 chairman of Joint Chiefs of Staff of the armed forces of the United States and the NATO Military Committee. BRADLEY Francis Herbert (1846-1924), English philosopher, head of the English neo-Hegelianism. Criticized positivism and utilitarianism with the theistic position "absolute idealism". Major works "appearance and reality." Bradstreet (Bradstreet) Anna (1612-72), the first American poet. Author of "The Tenth Muse, recently appeared in America" (1650, published in London). In modern times, interest in her work attracted her poem dedicated to George. Berryman "Tribute to Mrs. Bradstreet" (1953). Braila (Braila) (Braila), a city and port on the Danube, in eastern Romania, the administrative center of the county of Braila. 235 thousand. Inhabitants (1992). Metallurgy, pulp and paper, chemical, cement, wood, clothing, food. Brangwyn (Brenguin) (Brangwyn) Frank (1867-1956), English graphic artist and painter. In large expressive etchings ("Sawyers', 1904) captures the heroism and severity of labor, harsh face of industrial cities. Antiwar lithographs and posters. Breasted (Breasted) Henry James (1865-1935), American Egyptologist, led archaeological excavations in Egypt and Nubia. Issued a set of ancient Egyptian historical documents. Brătianu (Bratianu) Jon Younger (1864-1927), Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania in 1908-11, 1914-19 (with a break in 1918), 1922-26, 1927. Since 1909 the leader of the National Liberal Party. One of the organizers of the capture (1918), Bessarabia, intervention against the Hungarian Soviet Republic of 1919.
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